12 Jul C++ Tutorial | Learn C++ Programming
Bjarne Stroustrup came up with the idea of creating a powerful language that combines Simula67 and C. As a result, AT&T Bell Laboratories developed C++ that supports object-oriented features, with the power of both languages.
C++ was also initially known as “C with Classes”, since classes were added, also considering it as an extension of C. Finally, the name C++ was finalized in 1983, considering it an increment of the C language.
C++ Features
The following are the features of C++:
- Polymorphism: It is a Greek term that means Poly + morphism i.e. more than one form. It can also be said as different behaviors in different instances.
- Classes: A class is a blueprint, that contains data member and member functions. A class can have any number of objects and therefore a class can be considered as a collection of objects that belong to the same class.
- Objects: An Object in C++ is a runtime entity. They have an associated memory and take space in memory.
- Encapsulation: When you enclose data and functions into a single unit, it is known as Encapsulation. The unit in which the data and functions are enclosed is known as a class.
- Abstraction: When key features are represented without including the background details is known as Abstraction. Classes use it and the attributes are known as data members. Functions in a class are known as member functions. Classes are also known as Abstract Data Types (ADT), since it use the concept of data abstraction with data members and member functions.
- Inheritance: Inheritance brings reusability and supports hierarchical classification. For example, Tshirt class is a part of the Clothing. Inheritance has a base class and a derived class. Typical characteristics are shared by the derived class with the base class (i.e. the class from which it is derived).
Is it hard to learn C++?
No, not at all. If you know the C language, then C++ is “C with Classes”. Yes, this name was actually assigned to C++ initially. If you aren’t aware of C programming, even then, learning C++ is no rocket science. Begin with the basics, as shown in this tutorial, and then move toward practical examples to understand each topic.
Is C++ a dead language
Who said that? Yes, Java and Python are the most trending languages, but the role of C++ will never end. You won’t believe it; even some Python libraries, such as TensorFlow, are written in C++. Even databases such as Postgres and MySQL were developed in C++.
Applications of C++
The following are the real-life applications of C++:
- The MySQL database was written in C++.
- One of the most popular web browsers, such as Mozilla Firefox is written in C++
- Many Python libraries for Data Science and Machine Learning are written in C++, such as OpenCV, TensorFlow, SciPy, etc.
- MongoDB, a NoSQL database is written in a lot of programming languages, one of them being C++.
C++ Quiz
C++ Online Quiz to help you in preparing for Exams, Job Interviews, quizzes, etc. Test your C++ skills with the following Quiz:
Platforms to run C++
Use any of the below platforms to run C++ programs with ease:
Run C++ Online
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Hello, World!";
return 0;
}
Viewers
The C++ tutorial is prepared for students, engineers, and professionals. Beginning with the introduction, you will learn how to work with C++ programming. With that, step-by-step lessons are provided covering basic and C++ concepts, including Classes, Objects, Interfaces, Templates, Abstraction, exception handling, inheritance, polymorphism, etc.
FAQs
Q1: What is C++ and how does it differ from C?
Ans: C++ is a powerful, high-performance programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979 as an extension of the C language. While C is a purely procedural programming language, C++ is a multi-paradigm language that supports Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts such as classes, objects, inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and abstraction.
Q2: What are the primary Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts in C++?
Ans: C++ relies on four core OOP pillars:
- Classes & Objects: A class acts as a blueprint, while an object is a real-world instance of that class.
- Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods within a class while restricting direct external access using access specifiers (private, protected, public).
- Inheritance: Allowing a derived class to inherit properties and behaviors from a base class to promote code reusability.
- Polymorphism: Performing a single action in different ways through function overloading, operator overloading, and virtual functions (overriding).
Q3: What is the Standard Template Library (STL) in C++?
Ans: The Standard Template Library (STL) is a powerful set of C++ template classes that provides ready-to-use data structures and algorithms. STL consists of four main components:
- Containers: Data structures used to store objects (e.g., vector, list, deque, set, map).
- Iterators: Pointer-like objects used to traverse elements inside containers.
- Algorithms: Built-in functions for searching, sorting, manipulating, and counting elements (e.g., std::sort(), std::find()).
- Function Objects (Functors): Objects that can be called as if they were functions.
Q4: What is the difference between passing by value, passing by reference, and passing by pointer in C++?
Ans: Functions in C++ can receive parameters in three distinct ways:
- Pass by Value: Creates a copy of the argument inside the function; changes made do not affect the original variable.
- Pass by Reference (&): Passes an alias of the original variable, allowing the function to modify the original argument directly without copying overhead.
- Pass by Pointer (*): Passes the memory address of the variable, requiring explicit dereferencing to access or modify the underlying value.
Q5: What core concepts and programming topics are covered in Studyopedia’s C++ tutorial?
Ans: Studyopedia’s C++ tutorial covers compiler setup (GCC/MinGW, IDEs like PyCharm/VS Code), syntax fundamentals, variables, data types, operators, decision-making, loops, functions, arrays, pointers, references, OOP principles (Classes, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation), Exception Handling (try-catch), File I/O stream operations, and the Standard Template Library (STL).
C++ Tutorial – Index
The following lessons are covered in the C++ Tutorial,
C++ Introduction
C++ Installation & Setup
C++ Basics
C++ Control Statements
C++ Arrays and Strings
C++ Functions
C++ User-defined Data Types
C++ Advanced
C++ Resources
Let’s begin with C++ Introduction.
C++ MCQ
Polish your C++ skills with these MCQs, each offering four options and the correct answer:
kumar shaurya
Posted at 14:26h, 04 AprilMuch needed bhaiya
kumar shaurya
Posted at 14:27h, 04 Aprilgood job