14 Mar RGB Images

RGB stands for Red, Green, and Blue. These are the primary colors of light. Every color you see on a screen is made by mixing these three colors. In an RGB image, each pixel has three values (R, G, B) that tell the computer how much of each color to use.

In this session, we’re going to dive into RGB images—the most common way computers represent and display colors in images. RGB is everywhere, from your phone screen to your TV, and it’s a fundamental concept in Computer Vision. Let’s break it down in a simple and fun way!

What is RGB

• RGB stands for Red, Green, and Blue.
• These are the primary colors of light, and by mixing them, we can create almost any color you can imagine.
• In an RGB image, every pixel is made up of three values: one for Red, one for Green, and one for Blue.

How Does RGB Work

1. Each Pixel Has 3 Values:
   • A pixel in an RGB image is represented as (R, G, B), where:
     • R = amount of Red (0 to 255)
     • G = amount of Green (0 to 255)
     • B = amount of Blue (0 to 255)
   • The value 0 means none of that color, and 255 means the maximum amount.
2. Mixing Colors:
   • By combining different amounts of Red, Green, and Blue, we can create millions of colors.
   • For example:
     • Pure Red = (255, 0, 0)
     • Pure Green = (0, 255, 0)
     • Pure Blue = (0, 0, 255)
     • White = (255, 255, 255) – all colors at full intensity.
     • Black = (0, 0, 0) – no color at all.

Why is RGB Important in Computer Vision

• Color Representation: RGB is the standard way to store and display images. Almost every image you see on a screen is in RGB format.
• Image Processing: Many Computer Vision tasks, like object detection or face recognition, rely on analyzing the colors in an image.
• Filters and Effects: Apps like Instagram use RGB values to apply filters and change the colors in your photos.

How Do Computers Use RGB

1. Storing Images:
   • When you take a photo, the camera captures the RGB values for every pixel.
   • These values are stored in a file (like a JPEG or PNG).
2. Displaying Images:
   • When you view an image on a screen, the screen uses the RGB values to light up tiny red, green, and blue dots (pixels) to recreate the image.
3. Processing Images:
   • In Computer Vision, algorithms analyze the RGB values to detect objects, recognize faces, or apply effects.

Example Create Your RGB Colors

1. Open a color picker tool online (search for “RGB color picker”).
2. Play around with the Red, Green, and Blue sliders to create different colors.
   • Try making yellow: (255, 255, 0)
   • Try making purple: (128, 0, 128)
3. Notice how changing the values changes the color!

Real-World Example: Instagram Filters

Instagram filters work by changing the RGB values of your photos. For example:

• • A “warm” filter might increase the Red and Green values to make the image look more orange.
  • A “cool” filter might increase the Blue values to make the image look more blueish.

Key Takeaway

RGB is the foundation of how computers represent colors in images. By mixing Red, Green, and Blue, we can create any color, and by analyzing these colors, computers can understand and process images. It’s like painting with light!

In the next session, we’ll explore grayscale images—what they are, how they’re different from RGB images, and why they’re useful in Computer Vision.

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