14 Sep 100 Power BI MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) with Answers

Posted at 14:56h in mcq by

 

1) What is Power BI primarily used for?
  1. Software development
  2. Business intelligence and data visualization
  3. Graphic design
  4. Database management
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Power BI is Microsoft’s business intelligence platform. It connects to data, models it, and builds interactive reports and dashboards for analysis and sharing — it is not an IDE, a design tool or a database engine.

2) Which Power BI component is used to transform and clean data before loading it into the model?

  1. Power BI Service
  2. Power Query Editor
  3. Power Pivot
  4. Power View
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Power Query Editor is the ETL layer of Power BI — it is where you connect, clean, reshape and combine data before it is loaded into the data model.

3) Which language is used to write calculations and custom metrics in Power BI data models?

  1. SQL
  2. Python
  3. DAX
  4. M Language
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
DAX (Data Analysis Expressions) is the formula language used for calculated columns, measures, calculated tables and row-level security rules in the Power BI / Tabular model.

4) What is the default file extension for a saved Power BI Desktop file?

  1. .pbi
  2. .pbix
  3. .pbit
  4. .xlsx
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A Power BI Desktop file is saved as a .pbix file, which contains the data model, queries, reports and visuals together. A .pbit is a template without data.

5) Which component of Power BI allows you to publish reports to the cloud and share them with colleagues?

  1. Power BI Desktop
  2. Power BI Report Builder
  3. Power BI Service
  4. Power BI Mobile
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
The Power BI Service (app.powerbi.com) is the cloud/SaaS portal where reports and datasets are published, shared, governed and scheduled for refresh.

6) What is the language used under the hood by Power Query for data transformation step creation?

  1. DAX
  2. M Language
  3. R
  4. T-SQL
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Every click in Power Query generates M code. The full script can be viewed or hand-edited in the Advanced Editor.

7) Which storage mode keeps data entirely in memory inside the Power BI model?

  1. DirectQuery
  2. Import Mode
  3. Dual Mode
  4. Live Connection
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Import Mode copies the data into the in-memory VertiPaq engine, giving the fastest query performance but requiring periodic refresh.

8) In which mode does Power BI not store data locally, but queries the underlying data source directly at runtime?

  1. Import Mode
  2. DirectQuery Mode
  3. Dual Mode
  4. Hybrid Mode
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
In DirectQuery no data is imported — each visual interaction is translated into a query against the source database, so results are always current.

9) What is a Power BI template file extension?

  1. .pbix
  2. .pbit
  3. .pbi
  4. .pbiz
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A .pbit template stores the report layout, model and queries but no data, so it can be reused with a different dataset.

10) What tool is used to create paginated reports in Power BI?

  1. Power BI Desktop
  2. Power BI Report Builder
  3. Power Query
  4. Power BI Gateway
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Power BI Report Builder is a separate authoring tool for pixel-perfect, print-ready paginated (.rdl) reports.

11) Which tab in Power Query Editor contains the option to split a column by delimiter?

  1. View
  2. Home
  3. Transform
  4. Add Column
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The Split Column command is found on the Home tab of the Power Query ribbon (Home → Split Column → By Delimiter).

12) What action converts rows into columns in Power Query?

  1. Unpivoting
  2. Pivoting
  3. Grouping
  4. Transposing
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Pivot Column turns unique values of an attribute column into new columns, spreading row values across them.

13) Which transformation converts attribute-value column pairs back into a wide table structure?

  1. Pivot Column
  2. Unpivot Columns
  3. Merge Queries
  4. Append Queries
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
Pivoting takes a tall attribute/value pair structure and spreads it into a wide table, one column per attribute value.

14) What is the difference between “Merge Queries” and “Append Queries”?

  1. Merge combines rows; Append combines columns
  2. Merge combines columns based on a join key; Append combines rows from tables with similar structures
  3. Merge duplicates data; Append deletes data
  4. There is no difference
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Merge is a join — it adds columns from a second table matched on a key. Append is a union — it stacks rows from tables with the same (or similar) columns.

15) Where can you view the step-by-step audit log of all transformations applied in Power Query?

  1. Applied Steps pane
  2. Model View
  3. Data View
  4. Advanced Editor
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
The Applied Steps pane lists every transformation in order, and any step can be renamed, edited, reordered or deleted.

16) How do you inspect or edit the full M code written for a query in Power Query Editor?

  1. Formula Bar
  2. Advanced Editor
  3. Query Dependencies View
  4. Manage Parameters
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The Advanced Editor (Home → Advanced Editor) shows the complete M script for the selected query and allows free editing.

17) Which join type in Power Query returns all rows from the first table and matching rows from the second table?

  1. Full Outer
  2. Inner
  3. Left Outer
  4. Right Outer
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
A Left Outer join keeps every row of the left (first) table and brings in matching values from the right table, with nulls where there is no match.

18) What feature in Power Query allows you to pass dynamic values into queries or connection strings?

  1. Custom Columns
  2. Parameters
  3. Conditional Columns
  4. Custom Functions
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Power Query Parameters are named values that can be substituted into filters, file paths, server names and connection strings, and changed without editing the M code.

19) Which function in Power Query allows you to replace null values across selected columns?

  1. Replace Errors
  2. Replace Values
  3. Fill Down
  4. Remove Blank Rows
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Replace Values substitutes one value with another, and null is a valid value to search for — so it can replace nulls with 0 or a text placeholder.

20) What operation copies values from non-null cells down to subsequent empty/null cells in a column?

  1. Fill Up
  2. Fill Down
  3. Replace Values
  4. Transpose
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Fill Down propagates the last non-null value downwards — commonly used to fill in gaps left by merged header cells in a spreadsheet layout.

21) What does the “Enable Load” option on a query control?

  1. Whether the query refreshes automatically
  2. Whether the query results are loaded into the Power BI data model
  3. Whether the query can be edited by non-admins
  4. Whether the query is published to Power BI Service
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
When Enable Load is turned off, the query still runs and can be referenced by other queries, but it is not materialised as a table in the data model.

22) What happens when you disable “Include in report refresh”?

  1. The query is deleted from the file
  2. The query data remains unchanged during scheduled or manual data refreshes
  3. The report visuals using this table break immediately
  4. The table is converted to a calculated table
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Disabling Include in report refresh freezes the query — its data is skipped during refresh, which is useful for static reference tables such as mapping lists.

23) What is query folding in Power Query?

  1. Combining multiple reports into one workspace
  2. Translating data transformation steps into native source queries (e.g., SQL) to execute on the database server
  3. Hiding queries in the applied steps list
  4. Compressing data stored inside the memory model
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Query folding pushes the transformation steps back to the source database as a single native query, so the heavy lifting happens on the server rather than in Power BI.

24) Which of the following operations prevents query folding from occurring on subsequent steps?

  1. Removing columns
  2. Filtering rows with simple conditions
  3. Custom M functions or complex index insertions not supported by the source database
  4. Renaming a column
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
Once a step cannot be translated into native source syntax — for example a custom M function or an unsupported index operation — folding stops and all later steps run locally.

25) What is the result of using the “Group By” feature in Power Query?

  1. It creates a visual matrix in the report view
  2. It aggregates rows based on one or more key columns using summary functions like SUM or COUNT
  3. It sorts the selected columns alphabetically
  4. It merges two queries together
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Group By collapses rows that share the same key values into one row per group, with aggregated columns such as Sum, Count, Min or Max.

26) What type of relationship schema is considered best practice for Power BI data modeling?

  1. Snowflake Schema
  2. Star Schema
  3. Flat Table Schema
  4. Network Schema
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A star schema — central fact tables surrounded by denormalised dimension tables — is the recommended model because it is simple for users and fast for the VertiPaq engine.

27) In a Star Schema, what table typically contains numeric measures, transaction logs, and foreign keys?

  1. Dimension Table
  2. Fact Table
  3. Bridge Table
  4. Lookup Table
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The fact table stores the events or transactions — numeric measures plus the foreign keys that link to each dimension.

28) What table contains descriptive attributes used for filtering and slicing analytical visuals?

  1. Fact Table
  2. Dimension Table
  3. Data Table
  4. Junction Table
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Dimension tables hold the descriptive text attributes — product names, customer names, dates, regions — that users drag into slicers and axis fields.

29) What is the recommended cross-filter direction for relationships between Dimension and Fact tables?

  1. Both
  2. Single
  3. None
  4. Bi-directional
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The default and recommended setting is Single — filters flow from the one-side (dimension) to the many-side (fact), which keeps filter paths predictable and performance good.

30) What problem can arise from setting cross-filtering to “Both” across multiple tables indiscriminately?

  1. Reports fail to render visuals completely
  2. Ambiguous relationship paths and unintended filter propagation cycles
  3. Higher file compression rates
  4. Automatic deletion of foreign key columns
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Bi-directional filtering can create multiple filter paths between tables, leading to ambiguity, unexpected results and degraded performance. Use it only where a genuine many-to-many requirement exists.

31) What is cardinality in Power BI data modeling?

  1. The number of reports linked to a dataset
  2. The uniqueness of values in a column across two related tables (e.g., 1:Many, Many:Many)
  3. The speed of DAX calculation execution
  4. The total file size of the dataset
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Cardinality describes how the values of the joining columns relate between two tables — one-to-many, one-to-one, many-to-many or many-to-one.

32) How many active relationships can exist between any two tables at one time in Power BI?

  1. Unlimited
  2. Two
  3. One
  4. Three
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
Only one relationship between a given pair of tables can be active at a time. Any additional relationships are created as inactive (dashed) and activated with USERELATIONSHIP().

33) Which DAX function can activate an inactive relationship within a specific measure calculation?

  1. RELATED()
  2. USERELATIONSHIP()
  3. CROSSFILTER()
  4. RELATEDTABLE()
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
USERELATIONSHIP() is used inside CALCULATE() to tell the engine to use a specific inactive relationship instead of the active one for that calculation only.

34) What function fetches a related column value from a dimension table into a fact table across an existing relationship?

  1. RELATEDTABLE()
  2. LOOKUPVALUE()
  3. RELATED()
  4. USERELATIONSHIP()
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
RELATED() works in a row context on the many-side and returns the corresponding value from the one-side (dimension) table.

35) What is a Role-Playing Dimension in data modeling?

  1. A dimension that changes its schema dynamically at runtime
  2. A single physical dimension table that can fulfill multiple business roles (e.g., Order Date, Ship Date, Due Date)
  3. A dimension containing security roles for RLS
  4. A table created using DAX calculated tables
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The classic example is a single Date table used for Order Date, Ship Date and Due Date. Only one relationship is active; the others are activated per measure with USERELATIONSHIP().

36) Which view in Power BI Desktop displays table structures, primary/foreign keys, and relationship links?

  1. Report View
  2. Data View
  3. Model View
  4. Query View
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
The Model view is the diagram canvas showing every table, its fields, and the relationships (with cardinality and filter direction) between them.

37) What is a Surrogate Key?

  1. A natural key directly extracted from operational sources
  2. An artificially generated unique identifier used to link dimension tables to fact tables
  3. A DAX measure that acts as a primary key
  4. A key used strictly for Row-Level Security
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A surrogate key is a meaningless, system-generated integer (often an index) that uniquely identifies a dimension row and replaces the natural business key in the fact table.

38) What does a dotted line between two tables in the Model View signify?

  1. A broken relationship
  2. An inactive relationship
  3. A bi-directional relationship
  4. A direct DirectQuery connection
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A dotted line indicates an inactive relationship — it does not filter by default but can be switched on inside a measure with USERELATIONSHIP().

39) What type of table is created solely using DAX formulas in Power BI Desktop?

  1. Imported Table
  2. DirectQuery Table
  3. Calculated Table
  4. Native Table
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
A calculated table is defined entirely with a DAX table expression (e.g. CALENDAR(), SUMMARIZE() or DISTINCT()) and is materialised into the model at refresh time.

40) Why should high-cardinality continuous numeric fields be kept out of dimension tables when possible?

  1. Power BI does not support decimal values in dimensions
  2. High cardinality increases memory consumption and lowers VertiPaq compression efficiency
  3. It breaks all automatic relationships
  4. Power Query cannot parse numbers in dimension tables
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
VertiPaq compresses columns by encoding repeated values. A column with almost unique values per row compresses poorly, consuming far more memory and slowing the model.

41) What is the key distinction between a Calculated Column and a Measure in DAX?

  1. Calculated columns update on slicer interaction; Measures update on data refresh
  2. Calculated columns consume disk/memory storage space per row; Measures compute on the fly based on report context
  3. Calculated columns return aggregate values; Measures return row-by-row strings
  4. There is no distinction
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A calculated column is evaluated row by row at refresh and stored in the model, consuming memory. A measure is not stored — it is evaluated dynamically according to the filter context of the visual.

42) Which DAX function alters the current filter context applied to a calculation?

  1. SUM()
  2. CALCULATE()
  3. FILTER()
  4. ALLEXCEPT()
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
CALCULATE() is the only function that can modify the filter context — it adds, replaces or removes filters before evaluating its expression.

43) What type of evaluation context is created automatically when iterating line by line over a table in DAX?

  1. Filter Context
  2. Row Context
  3. User Context
  4. Security Context
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A row context exists when DAX evaluates an expression one row at a time — for example in a calculated column, or inside iterator functions such as SUMX().

44) Which DAX function transitions an existing Row Context into an equivalent Filter Context?

  1. EARLIER()
  2. CALCULATE()
  3. ALL()
  4. VALUES()
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
CALCULATE() performs context transition — it converts the current row context into an equivalent filter context, which is why RELATED()/aggregations inside it work as expected.

45) Which function removes all filters applied to a table or column regardless of user selection on visuals?

  1. REMOVEFILTERS() / ALL()
  2. KEEPFILTERS()
  3. VALUES()
  4. SELECTEDVALUE()
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
REMOVEFILTERS() (and its older equivalent ALL()) clears filters from a table or column inside CALCULATE(), giving an unfiltered result such as a percentage-of-total.

46) What DAX function returns a single-column table containing unique values from a column in the current filter context?

  1. DISTINCT() / VALUES()
  2. ALL()
  3. FILTER()
  4. SUMMARIZE()
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
VALUES() and DISTINCT() both return a one-column table of unique values in the current filter context; VALUES() also returns the blank row when referential integrity is violated.

47) What iterator DAX function evaluates an expression for each row of a table and sums up the total?

  1. SUM()
  2. SUMX()
  3. TOTALSUM()
  4. AGGREGATESUM()
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
SUMX(table, expression) creates a row context, evaluates the expression on every row, and then sums the results — essential for row-level arithmetic such as SUMX(Sales, Qty * Price).

48) What DAX function returns the current value of a column if only one distinct value exists in the filter context, otherwise returning an optional alternative?

  1. FIRSTNONBLANK()
  2. SELECTEDVALUE()
  3. HASONEVALUE()
  4. LOOKUPVALUE()
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
SELECTEDVALUE(Column, alternate) returns the value when exactly one value is filtered, otherwise returns the alternate result (blank by default). It is the concise form of IF(HASONEVALUE(…), VALUES(…), alternate).

49) Which DAX function returns the year-to-date total of a measure given a date column?

  1. DATESYTD()
  2. TOTALYTD()
  3. SAMEPERIODLASTYEAR()
  4. DATEADD()
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
TOTALYTD(expression, dates) is the ready-made year-to-date function. DATESYTD() is the date table function usually nested inside CALCULATE().

50) Which Time Intelligence function compares data against the exact same calendar period from the previous year?

  1. DATEADD()
  2. SAMEPERIODLASTYEAR()
  3. PARALLELPERIOD()
  4. PREVIOUSYEAR()
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
SAMEPERIODLASTYEAR() shifts the current date selection back exactly one year, keeping the same period length — ideal for year-over-year comparisons.

51) How does DIVIDE(a, b) handle cases where the denominator b is zero?

  1. Throws a runtime calculation error
  2. Returns BLANK() (or an optional specified alternate result) instead of dividing by zero
  3. Converts zero to 1
  4. Returns infinity
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
DIVIDE() safely handles a zero or blank denominator by returning BLANK() (or a value you supply as the third argument), avoiding the errors produced by the “/” operator.

52) What function is used to create a dedicated Date/Calendar table dynamically in DAX based on start and end dates?

  1. CALENDAR()
  2. DATESBETWEEN()
  3. GENERATESERIES()
  4. CREATETABLE()
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
CALENDAR(start, end) returns a single-column table of contiguous dates between the two bounds, commonly used to build a date dimension. ADDCOLUMNS() is then used to add Year, Month, Quarter, etc.

53) Which function ignores any external filters applied to a table, EXCEPT for specified columns?

  1. ALL()
  2. ALLEXCEPT()
  3. ALLSELECTED()
  4. KEEPFILTERS()
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
ALLEXCEPT(Table, Column1, Column2…) removes filters from the whole table apart from the columns listed — useful for “share of parent category” style calculations.

54) What DAX function evaluates a table and keeps existing context filters while adding new conditions without overriding them completely?

  1. FILTER()
  2. KEEPFILTERS()
  3. CALCULATETABLE()
  4. USERELATIONSHIP()
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
KEEPFILTERS() is used inside CALCULATE() to intersect the new filter with any existing filter on the same column, rather than replacing it.

55) What is the output type of the DAX function HASONEVALUE(ColumnName)?

  1. Integer
  2. Text string
  3. Boolean (TRUE/FALSE)
  4. Table
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
HASONEVALUE() returns a Boolean — TRUE when the column is filtered down to a single distinct value, otherwise FALSE.

56) Which of the following is considered an iterator function in DAX?

  1. AVERAGE()
  2. COUNT()
  3. AVERAGEX()
  4. MAX()
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
Any function ending in X is an iterator: it walks the table row by row, evaluates an expression, and then aggregates the results.

57) Which DAX time intelligence function shifts a set of dates by a specified time interval (e.g., months, quarters, years)?

  1. DATEADD()
  2. NEXTDATE()
  3. DATESINPERIOD()
  4. SHIFTDATES()
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
DATEADD(dates, number_of_intervals, interval) moves a date selection forward or backward by a chosen interval — DAY, MONTH, QUARTER or YEAR.

58) What DAX function creates an explicit variable scope within a measure definition?

  1. VAR … RETURN
  2. DEFINE … EVALUATE
  3. LET … IN
  4. SET … IN
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
The VAR / RETURN pattern stores intermediate results in named variables, which improves readability and can significantly improve performance by avoiding repeated evaluation.

59) What does COALESCE(expression1, expression2, …) do in DAX?

  1. Concatenates strings together
  2. Returns the first non-BLANK expression in the parameter list
  3. Calculates compound growth rates
  4. Merges multiple tables into one
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
COALESCE() evaluates the arguments in order and returns the first one that is not BLANK — a tidy replacement for nested IF checks.

60) Which DAX function evaluates multiple condition pairs and returns a corresponding result value (similar to SQL CASE statements)?

  1. IF()
  2. SWITCH()
  3. LOOKUPVALUE()
  4. CONDITIONAL()
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
SWITCH() tests an expression against a list of value/result pairs and returns the matching result, with an optional final “else” argument — much cleaner than deeply nested IFs.

61) Which native Power BI visual is best suited for demonstrating part-to-whole categorical contributions in a stacked bar format?

  1. Scatter Plot
  2. Treemap
  3. Card
  4. Gauge Visual
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A treemap shows part-to-whole contribution: each category is drawn as a rectangle whose area (and usually colour) represents its share of the total within the hierarchy.

62) What visual feature lets users dive down from a high-level category to sub-category details within the same visual chart?

  1. Drillthrough
  2. Drill Down
  3. Tooltip Page
  4. Cross-highlighting
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Drill down expands a hierarchy inside the same visual, moving from a parent level (Year) to a child level (Quarter, Month).

63) What functionality navigates a user from a high-level summary report page to a dedicated, detailed report page filtered for a specific entity?

  1. Drillthrough
  2. Page Link
  3. Bookmark Navigation
  4. Drill Down
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
Drillthrough opens a separate report page pre-filtered to the entity that was right-clicked (for example, jumping from a product summary to a full product detail page).

64) What tool inside Power BI Desktop allows you to capture and save the current state of a report page (filters, visual visibility, slicers)?

  1. Selection Pane
  2. Bookmarks Pane
  3. Sync Slicers Pane
  4. Performance Analyzer
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The Bookmarks pane captures the current view — filters, slicer selections, visual visibility and spotlight — and can replay it later or drive navigation buttons.

65) Which pane in Power BI Desktop is used to control the tab order and visibility of individual visual elements on a report canvas?

  1. Format Pane
  2. Selection Pane
  3. Analytics Pane
  4. Fields Pane
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The Selection pane lists every object on the canvas, letting you show/hide, rename, reorder layers and set the tab order for accessibility.

66) What type of custom page can be displayed when a user hovers their cursor over a visual element?

  1. Drillthrough Page
  2. Report Page Tooltip
  3. Filter Page
  4. Pop-up Canvas
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A report page tooltip is a hidden page whose page size is set to Tooltip; it appears when the user hovers over a visual, filtered to the hovered data point.

67) Which feature allows a slicer on one report page to filter visuals on other report pages across the file?

  1. Cross-filtering
  2. Sync Slicers
  3. Page Level Filters
  4. Global Filters
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Sync slicers (View → Sync slicers) lets a single slicer drive visuals on other selected pages, with independent control of which pages receive the filter and which show the slicer.

68) What native feature highlights related data points in other visuals on the canvas when selecting an element in one chart?

  1. Cross-highlighting / Cross-filtering
  2. Drillthrough
  3. Conditional Formatting
  4. Tooltip Integration
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
By default, selecting a mark cross-highlights related marks in other visuals (dimming the rest) rather than filtering them out entirely. This behaviour can be changed per visual with Edit interactions.

69) Which formatting option allows cell background colors or text in a Table/Matrix visual to change dynamically based on measure values?

  1. Data Labels
  2. Conditional Formatting
  3. Theme Colors
  4. Visual Styles
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Conditional formatting applies background colour, font colour, data bars, icons or web URLs to table/matrix cells based on rules, gradients or field values.

70) What specialized visual displays key performance indicators along with a goal target and trendline?

  1. Multi-row Card
  2. KPI Visual
  3. Matrix Visual
  4. Waterfall Chart
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The KPI visual needs three fields — Indicator (value), Target/goal and Trend axis — and colours the value green or red depending on whether the target is met.

71) Which chart type effectively illustrates sequential step-by-step gains and losses leading to a net total value?

  1. Funnel Chart
  2. Waterfall Chart
  3. Ribbon Chart
  4. Scatter Chart
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A waterfall chart shows floating columns for each increase or decrease with a running total, ending in a final total column — ideal for profit bridges and variance analysis.

72) What visual type is ideal for visualizing rank changes across categories over discrete time periods?

  1. Line Chart
  2. Ribbon Chart
  3. Area Chart
  4. Stacked Column Chart
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The Ribbon chart is a stacked column variant where the ribbons cross over each other, making it obvious when one category overtakes another in rank.

73) What is the main purpose of using Field Parameters in Power BI report development?

  1. Dynamic connection string configuration
  2. Allowing report users to dynamically change the dimensions or measures shown in visuals
  3. Controlling row-level security parameters
  4. Setting up query refresh intervals
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A field parameter is a table of field references that a slicer can control, letting users swap the measure or dimension displayed in a visual without editing the report.

74) How can you prevent a specific chart on a canvas from reacting when a user interacts with a slicer on the same page?

  1. Lock the visual
  2. Edit Interactions
  3. Disable Enable Load
  4. Hide the visual in Selection Pane
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Edit interactions (Format → Edit interactions) lets you set each target visual to Filter, Highlight or None for every source visual or slicer.

75) What feature allows users to inspect underlying data records directly from a specific visual data point?

  1. Export Data / Show as a Table
  2. Performance Analyzer
  3. Query Dependencies
  4. RLS View
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
Right-clicking a data point and choosing Show as a table (or Export data) displays the underlying records behind that mark, filtered to the current selection.

76) Where are workspaces, data flows, apps, and dashboards hosted centrally for organization-wide sharing?

  1. Power BI Desktop
  2. Power BI Service (SaaS)
  3. Power BI Gateway Server
  4. Local SSRS Instance
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The Power BI Service is the cloud portal that hosts workspaces, datasets, dataflows, reports, dashboards and apps, and handles sharing and governance.

77) What is the primary operational software required to connect Power BI Service to on-premises data sources for scheduled data refresh?

  1. Power BI Desktop
  2. On-premises Data Gateway
  3. Azure Active Directory Sync
  4. SQL Server Management Studio
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The On-premises Data Gateway runs inside the corporate network and securely relays refresh queries between the Power BI Service and internal data sources.

78) What is the maximum data refresh frequency allowed per day for datasets hosted in a Power BI Pro workspace?

  1. 4 times
  2. 8 times
  3. 24 times
  4. 48 times
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A dataset in a Pro workspace can be scheduled to refresh 8 times per day.

79) How many scheduled refreshes per day are supported for datasets hosted under Power BI Premium capacity?

  1. 8 times
  2. 24 times
  3. 48 times
  4. Unlimited
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
Datasets on Premium (or Fabric F-capacity) workspaces support up to 48 scheduled refreshes per day.

80) What feature in Power BI allows developers to publish a curated collection of reports and dashboards to end-users as a single packaged solution?

  1. Power BI Workspace
  2. Power BI App
  3. Shared Dataset
  4. Content Pack
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A Power BI app bundles selected reports, dashboards and datasets from a workspace and distributes them to audiences as one read-only package.

81) What component in Power BI Service allows users to pin individual visuals from different reports onto a single single-page view?

  1. Paginated Report
  2. Dashboard
  3. App Workspace
  4. Metrics Scorecard
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A dashboard is a single canvas that can hold tiles pinned from many different reports and datasets — it is a monitoring surface, not an authoring surface.

82) Which role in a Power BI Workspace allows users to view content but prevents them from editing, deleting, or adding users?

  1. Admin
  2. Member
  3. Contributor
  4. Viewer
Show Answer
Answer: d
Explanation
The Viewer role is read-only: viewers can open and interact with content but cannot publish, edit or manage workspace permissions.

83) Which workspace role can publish, edit, and delete content, as well as modify workspace settings and permissions?

  1. Viewer
  2. Contributor
  3. Admin
  4. Guest
Show Answer
Answer: c
Explanation
Only an Admin can manage workspace settings and permissions (add/remove users, update the workspace, configure pipelines). Contributors can publish and edit content but not administer the workspace.

84) What security feature in Power BI restricts data access at the row level based on user identity or group membership?

  1. Column-Level Security (CLS)
  2. Row-Level Security (RLS)
  3. Object-Level Security (OLS)
  4. Active Directory Group Filtering
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Row-Level Security (RLS) uses DAX filter rules on roles so that each user sees only the rows they are permitted to see, based on their login or group membership.

85) Which DAX function is commonly used inside Row-Level Security (RLS) role rules to capture the current user’s login email?

  1. USERNAME() / USERPRINCIPALNAME()
  2. LOGGEDINUSER()
  3. CURRENTUSER()
  4. GETUSERID()
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
USERPRINCIPALNAME() returns the user’s UPN (email) and USERNAME() returns the domain\user form — both are used in RLS rules such as [Email] = USERPRINCIPALNAME().

86) What feature allows administrators to move reports through Development, Test, and Production environments systematically inside Power BI Service?

  1. Deployment Pipelines
  2. Version Control Manager
  3. ALM Toolkit
  4. Workspace Copier
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
Deployment pipelines let you assign workspaces to stages (Development → Test → Production) and promote content between them with a comparison and selective deployment step.

87) What is a Dataflow in Power BI Service?

  1. A DAX calculation process
  2. A cloud-based reusable ETL data transformation process built using Power Query in the browser
  3. A real-time visual rendering pipeline
  4. A network pathway for gateway access
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A dataflow performs ETL in the cloud using Power Query Online, so the cleaned tables can be reused by many datasets without re-doing the transformations in each file.

88) Where are datasets stored when created via Dataflows in Power BI?

  1. Azure SQL Database
  2. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2
  3. Local Hard Drive
  4. OneDrive for Business
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Dataflow entities are written as CDM folders into Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2, which is what allows other Power BI datasets and Azure services to consume them.

89) What is the dataset size limit for a single model in a standard Power BI Pro license environment?

  1. 250 MB
  2. 1 GB
  3. 10 GB
  4. 100 GB
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A dataset published to a shared capacity under Power BI Pro is limited to 1 GB. Larger models require Premium/Fabric capacity (up to 400 GB and beyond).

90) Which feature automatically sends email snapshots of reports or dashboards to designated users on a recurring schedule?

  1. Alerting
  2. Subscriptions
  3. Export to PDF
  4. Personal Bookmarks
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Subscriptions deliver a scheduled email with a snapshot or link of a report/dashboard. Alerts differ — they fire only when a data condition is met.

91) What built-in diagnostic tool in Power BI Desktop measures and breaks down the duration required to refresh and render visual elements?

  1. Performance Analyzer
  2. DAX Studio
  3. Query Dependencies
  4. Profiler Pane
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
The Performance Analyzer (View → Performance Analyzer) records each visual’s DAX query time, render time and other overhead so bottlenecks can be isolated.

92) Which engine inside Power BI is responsible for compressing, storing, and querying columnar data in memory?

  1. Power Query Engine
  2. VertiPaq Engine (Formula / Storage Engine)
  3. Jet Engine
  4. SQL Server Relational Engine
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
The VertiPaq engine is the in-memory columnar database behind Power BI — it compresses the imported data and answers DAX queries from memory.

93) What external tool is widely used by Power BI developers to analyze DAX query execution plans and optimize measure performance?

  1. Tabular Editor
  2. DAX Studio
  3. ALM Toolkit
  4. Visual Studio Code
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
DAX Studio connects to the model and provides query tracing, server timings, execution plans and a DAX formatter — the standard tool for tuning slow measures.

94) What external open-source tool allows developers to manipulate Tabular Model Metadata (BIM files) directly without loading visual interfaces?

  1. DAX Studio
  2. Tabular Editor
  3. Power BI Builder
  4. SQL Profiler
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Tabular Editor edits the Tabular model metadata directly — measures, calculation groups, perspectives, RLS — and also supports Best Practice Analyzer rules for model quality.

95) What security feature prevents users from accessing specific table objects or sensitive columns altogether?

  1. Row-Level Security (RLS)
  2. Object-Level Security (OLS)
  3. Sensitivity Labels
  4. Multi-Factor Authentication
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Object-Level Security (OLS) hides entire tables or columns from a role, so the objects are invisible to those users rather than merely filtered.

96) What security integration allows organizations to classify and protect sensitive Power BI data assets based on Microsoft Purview policies?

  1. Sensitivity Labels (Information Protection)
  2. Azure Key Vault
  3. RLS Roles
  4. Custom Connectors
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
Sensitivity labels from Microsoft Purview Information Protection can be applied to reports, datasets and dashboards, and travel with the content even when it is exported to Excel or PDF.

97) What is an Incremental Refresh in Power BI?

  1. Refreshing only the visuals that changed
  2. Refreshing only new or updated historical data slices instead of reloading the full table dataset
  3. Updating DAX measures without touching tables
  4. Auto-refreshing reports every 5 seconds
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Incremental refresh partitions a large table by date and only re-processes the recent (and changed) partitions, dramatically cutting refresh time and load on the source system.

98) Which two parameters are strictly required by Power BI to configure Incremental Refresh in Power Query?

  1. StartDate and EndDate
  2. RangeStart and RangeEnd
  3. MinDate and MaxDate
  4. FromTime and ToTime
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
Power BI requires two reserved DateTime parameters named exactly RangeStart and RangeEnd, which must then be used in a filter on the date column.

99) What optimization strategy reduces the storage footprint of a datetime column significantly?

  1. Splitting the combined DateTime column into two separate Date and Time columns
  2. Converting the date into text format
  3. Adding an index column
  4. Duplicate the datetime column into multiple tables
Show Answer
Answer: a
Explanation
A DateTime column has very high cardinality (every second is unique) and compresses badly. Splitting it into a Date column and a Time column reduces the distinct value count enormously, improving compression and performance.

100) What is Composite Model mode in Power BI?

  1. Combining Power BI Desktop with Excel reports
  2. Combining different storage modes (such as Import and DirectQuery) or multiple DirectQuery datasets within a single report model
  3. Merging DAX and Python code inside a single measure
  4. Connecting two separate gateways simultaneously
Show Answer
Answer: b
Explanation
A composite model allows tables with different storage modes (Import, DirectQuery, Dual) — and even multiple DirectQuery sources — to coexist in one model, connected by relationships.
100 Tableau MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) with Answers
100 Android MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) with Answers
Print page
0 Likes
Studyopedia Editorial Staff
contact@studyopedia.com

We work to create programming tutorials for all.

No Comments

Post A Comment